As such, it is imperative that efforts to address agriculture in the context of food security and rural development need to take climate change into consi. The amount of annual investment needed to adapt agriculture to. In south africa, agriculture currently employs 709 12000 people. It should be noted that much of the available agricultural statistics are still largely outdated, with little. The comprehensive african agricultural development programme caadp is an integral part of the new partnership for africa s development nepad and the sectors prominence in the region is evident in. Agriculture in africa has a massive social and economic footprint. Sustainable intensification in african agriculture jules pretty1, camilla toulmin2 and stella williams3 1 university of essex, wivenhoe park, colchester, essex, co4 3sq, uk 2 international institute for environment and development iied, 3 endsleigh street, london wc1h 0dd 3 iju isaga, agege, lagos state, nigeria over the past halfcentury, agricultural production gains have provided a. Africas projected population the regions population is growing at a rate of more than 2 percent the fastest in the world. In africa alone, 650 million people are dependent on rainfed agriculture in fragile environments that are vulnerable to water scarcity and environmental. Importance, challenges, and policy strategies 34 3.
In per capita terms, food production in china has risen by a factor of nearly 3. Population dynamics, climate change, and sustainable. Africa has a quarter of the worlds arable land, but only generates 10 percent of global agricultural output. As africas population continues to grow and is expected to double by 2050 reaching the 1 billion mark, the continent will be challenged to meet the food security and nutritional requirements of its people, while also ensuring continued economic growth and sustainable. Benefits of climatesmart agriculture in africa green. Agriculture accounts for about 10 per cent of south africas formal employment. South africa, which was undertaken as part of an initiative to provide analyses of agricultural policies for four major agricultural economies outside the oecd area, the others being brazil, china and india. Climatesmart agriculture in mozambique africa portal.
Climate change and adaptation in african agriculture. One such challenge is the mismatch between the data available and the data required to design effectivepolicies, particularly at the regional, national, and subnaclimate change and agriculture in africa. The important role of the agricultural sector in contributing to food security is. Isbn 9789220199 print isbn 9789220205 web pdf issn.
Sustainability, institutions and politics are central dimensions of. More than 60 percent of the population of subsaharan. Competitiveness and the sustainability of south african. International journal of food and agricultural economics issn 21478988, eissn. It is time for the african sustainable green revolution.
Agriculture in south africa is a major sector within the economy. Africa as the most vulnerable continent in the world. Inclusive growth an imperative for african agriculture i since 2000, africa has been experiencing a remarkable economic growth accompanied by improving democratic environment. Agriculture in subsaharan africa food and agriculture. Sd a,b,c,d university of fort hare, pbx14, alice, 5700, south africa abstract south africa has shown major interest in the climate change discourse since the kyoto. Africa is a central challenge facing governments in the region. The study took place from october 20 tojuly 2014 and included a structured. Sustainable farming as a viable option for enhanced food and nutritional security and a sustainable productive resource base a field report prepared by asset research under contract from the an initiative of the development bank of southern africa and the department of environment affairs deliverable 4. Leveraging agriculture for nutrition in east africa lanea. Impacts and adaptation options article pdf available june 2012 with 4,919 reads how we measure reads. Unsustainable agriculture community environmental legal. There are multiple benefits of taking a climatesmart approach to agriculture in africa. For further details, see the ltas phase 1 full technical report entitled climate change implications for the agriculture and forestry sector in south africa. Page 2 presentation roadmap about cema precision agriculture.
The 2015 report maintains the original objective of producing an annual series that provides an indepth and comprehensive analysis of emerging issues and challenges being faced. As a result of the global economic crisis and the subsequent. Climate change and adaptation in african agriculture 4 local climate change adaptation platforms have been proposed by a number of development agencies, as a means of promoting collaboration between scientists and practitioners, and enhancing local adaptation capacity including the ability to draw on climate data. Concerning field crops, approximately 70% of south africas cereals and 90% of its commerciallygrown maize is. The effects of climate change on agriculture are severe, and one of the most significant emerging challenges to household livelihoods in africa. Impact of climate change on agriculture in africa by 2030 article pdf available in scientific research and essays vol. In africa and latin america many rainfed crops are near their maximum temperature. Inclusive growth an imperative for african agriculture. In most countries publicly financed marketing boards have disappeared and access to unsecured and subsidised credit through government. However, they may be arguably too general to understand the magnitude of impact and to inform adaptation strategies and policy development efforts that are tailored to promoting climatesmart. Structural adjustment and a commitment to marketbased agricultural development have reduced the direct role of the state in providing services. Youth in agriculture is the third volume in this series.
Review article agricultural green economy in south africa page 2 of 8 both smallholder and commercial agriculture could contribute to a green economy and contribute to employment and poverty reduction. Peri urban agriculture in the western cape is under great pressure due to competition for land from urbanisation and urban sprawl. This process recognizes that african women constitutes close to seventy percent of the agricultural workforce and are major con tributors to food production and. Agriculture and land 149 agriculture are engaged in the production of grains 51.
This is not so much because of the gdp contribution, but rather because of the support to social benefits such as employment and rural upliftment. Agriculture and forestry sectors currently under development, and new impact modelling for crop yields maize, wheat, sunflower and the latest downscaled models produced during ltas phase 1. The next question addressed in this report is how far south africa has already progressed towards a more sustainable agriculture and food system. The impact of climate change on agricultural output in. The following section outlines sustainability theory and how this has progressed over the last four decades. It takes a thorough look at the situation of agriculture in. Africa agriculture status report 2015 fairmatch support. The designations employed in ilo publications, which are in conformity with united nations practice, and the presentation of material therein do. As such, it is intended to be a supporting tool to those in agriculture who are, cognisant of the changing context, doing what is necessary to shift towards a resilient future. Because of population growth, economic development, and technological change, world and midlatitudes agriculture will look very.
Bocar diagana department of agricultural economics and economics montana state university june 2003 draft working paper, department of agricultural economics and economics, montana state university, bozeman, mt, usa. Precision agriculture in africa what are the challenges. To understand the impacts of climate variability and change on agricultural production in limpopo province, to assess the impacts of climate variability and change on agricultural production in limpopo province and to identify adaptation measures that reduces the impacts of climate variability and. While africa holds more than 60% of the worlds arable land, the continents share in global agricultural production remains low. The impact of climate change on agricultural output in south africa 19972012 by ncube f.
Perspectives on consequences and policy responses pierre crosson senior fellow, resources for the future, 1616 p street, n. Unsustainable agriculture techniques greentumble intensive agriculture may 2, 2016 to better understand how we can best improve our environmental footprint of agriculture, we need to first understand many of the major problems with our currently global agricultural system. Lanea leveraging agriculture for nutrition in east africa is an ifprifao research initiative carried out in kenya, uganda and ethiopia to investigate opportunities and challenges related to scaling up impact on nutrition through the food and agriculture sector. Africa where up to 20% of the population are food insecure, although south africa is deemed to be food secure. Imperatives for an agricultural green economy authors. In many regions, agriculture is an extremely risky business, and climate change will exacerbate this. The commercial agricultural sector has grown by approximately 14% per year since 1970, while the total economy has grown by 14,5% over the same period, resulting in a decline of agriculture s share of the gdp to 2,5% in 2008 amy goldblatt, agriculture.
Climate change can affect agriculture in a variety of ways. Sustainable farming as a viable option for enhanced food. Stein holden professor norwegian university of life sciences email. As such, it is imperative that efforts to address agriculture in the context of food security and rural development take climate change into consideration. Population, agriculture, and the environment in africa. For maize and beans, two key staple crops in africa. Many projections of the impact of climate change on the crop, livestock and fishery production sectors of african agriculture are reported in the literature. I an overview of sustainable development in africa emmanuel kwesi boon encyclopedia of life support systems eolss economic development and environment are closely linked. African farmland strengthened by the sharp rise in agricultural commodity prices. Comprehensive africa agriculture development program caadp is the key arena for ensuring that climate change is mainstreamed into agricultural development.
What explains the widespread adoption of unsustainable farming practices. However, there is more to food security than producing more food. Temperate places and higher latitudes are more likely to experience a dramatic change in. Organization of the united nations and african development bank. Additional indirect effects may arise from changes in. Regardless of the overarching focus on the intrusive colonial and capitalist systems in african environmental history, forces that also imparted foreign conservationist ideas and practices, there are regional differences, strengths and weaknesses in african.
An overview is provided of the world bank study about the interaction between rapid population growth, poor agricultural performance, and environmental degradation. Improving access of smallholders to agricultural services. Issues, challenges and opportunities iii table of contents foreword v acknowledgements vii acronyms ix executive summary xi introduction 1 1. Adams et al effects of global climate change on agriculture changes in the incidence and distribution of pests and pathogens sutherst et al. Climate change and agricultural production in limpopo. Climatechange challenges to agriculture and food security 10 3. Read below the harms caused by unsustainable agriculture, how communities are organizing to stop them, and what you can do in your community.
Climate change and agriculture are interrelated processes, both of which take place on a. Innovation for sustainable intensification in africa. Real gdp growth has risen by more than twice its pace in the last decade. The four phases of africa s agricultural mechanization evolution figure 6. Agriculture in turn contributes significantly to climate change. Climate change and agricultural production in south africa.
Projected impacts of climate change on african agriculture in the absence of effective adaptation measures, african crop production will likely be reduced by climate change, mostly as a result of increased regional temperatures. Improving farmer learning in and for sustainable agriculture in southern africa 5 and the approach involves getting farmers organised, plus considerations of power and politics. Pdf impact of climate change on agriculture in africa by. Climatesmart agriculture fully incorporates attention to climate risk management. Global tractors in use by region 19612000 figure 4. Journal of sustainable development in africa volume 12. Towards inclusive and sustainable development in africa. The thrust is to build capacities to learn, change and innovate within a transdisciplinary orientation. Celdf is aiding communities who have decided the current system of unsustainable agriculture cannot preserve their land, their health, their income or their vision of a sustainable future. Over the last two decades, agriculture has been subject to drastic economic and social evolutions in the country.
Within the subsaharan africa for an example, there are well over 166 million urban slum dwellers, which also represent about 71. Sustainable agriculture is the intersection of economically sound, ecologically viable, and socially responsible approaches. Climate change and the rural economy in southern africa. The south african agricultural sector has gone through the full circle from a very.
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